UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA



Detail Article

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)

ISSN 1978-3728

Vol. 46 / No. 3 / Published : 2013-09

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Original Article :

Cranial size and cephalic on index mentally retarded 7–12 years old children

Author :

  1. Dewi Elianora*1
  2. Iwa Sutardjo*2
  3. Bambang Udji Rianto*3
  1. Bagian Kedokteran Gigi Anak, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Baiturrahmah Padang – Indonesia
  2. Bagian Kedokteran Gigi Anak, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogjakarta – Indonesia
  3. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogjakarta – Indonesia

Abstract :

Background: Mental retardation is condition imperfections of mental ability development which resulted in delay of motoric development, speech and in adaption with its environment. The common symptoms is brain growth disorder, which affects the cranial measurement and the intelectual function lower than average (<70). Purpose: This study was aimed to find out the difference cranial size and cephalic on index mentally retarded children compared with normal chilren based on antropometry and cephalometric measurement. Methods: This research was epidemiologis analytic observational with case control design. This study was carried out on 168 7-12 years old children (84 were mental retarded moderate children from type SLBN C Yogjakarta and 84 are normal children). Data was statistically analyzed with t-test. Results: The size of cranial and cephalic on index on mentally retarded children were smaller than normal children. S-N and G-Op size were shorter than normal children, the results of S-N differences (-4.4), S-Ar (-2.38) and G-Op (-5.5), Eu-Eu (-8.24). The results analysis of linear and angle component cranial base (S-N, S-Ar and <NSAr) was significantly smaller than normal children. Based on age and genders, brachycephalic was more found on mental retardation children, and the normal child was normocephalic. Odds ratio value of the head profile based on age groups 2.10 times (CI 0.290-3.390) compared to normal children 0.99 (CI 0.025-0.375). Based on sex the odds ratio value 1.469 times (CI 0.429-5.035) compared normal child 0.562 (CI 0.19-1.65). The head length and cranial base had related with gender. Cranial size on boys was bigger than girls. Conclusions: It is concluded that the cephalic index and the size of cranial base of mentally retarded children are smaller than normal children.

Keyword :

Antropometry, lateral cephalometric, mental retardation,


References :

McDonald RE ,(2011) Dentistry for child and adolescent St Louis : Mosby Co





Archive Article

Cover Media Content

Volume : 46 / No. : 3 / Pub. : 2013-09
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  2. The Role Of Calcium On Enamel Hypoplasia Prevention
  3. The Correlation Of Micronucleus Formation And 8-oxo-dg Expression Due To The Panoramic Radiography Exposure
  4. Fluoride Determination Of Children And Adult Toothpaste By Spectrophotometry
  5. Heteroplasmy Analysis Of Dental Pulp Mitochondrial Dna In Forensic Personal Identification
  6. Effect Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus On The Expression Of Amelogenin In Rat Offspring Tooth Germ
  7. The Effect Of Chitosan Gel Concentration To Neutrophyl And Macrophage In Gingival Ulcer
  8. Epstein-barr Virus (ebv) Dna As Biomaker Of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis
  9. Metal Crown Restoration With Fiber Post In Young First Permanent Molar
  10. Cranial Size And Cephalic On Index Mentally Retarded 7–12 Years Old Children
  11. Mechanism Of Pomegranate Extract In Killing Malignant Cells In Mice Through Oral Cavity Mucosa Increased Expression Of P53 Wild

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