Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
ISSN Lama 0216-2407, Baru 2086-7050
Vol. 21 / No. 2 / Published : 2008-04
Order : 13, and page :193 - 202
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Original Article :
Ilmu manajemen preskriptif vs deskriptif: suatu tinjauan dari perspektif filsafat ilmu
Author :
- Siswanto*1
- Puslitbang Sistem dan Kebijakan Kesehatan,
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Depkes RI
Abstract :
Without a review from the perspective of philosophy of science, the cacophony of management theories would cause confusion to either scientists or practitioners. Management sciences actually are a collection of knowledge that forms a puzzle as each theorist interprets organization with their own scientific background as a lens. It seems that the progress of management sciences is evolutive in nature, started from classical, human relation, systemic, contingency, cultural and political theories. Even though their material object is the same i.e. ‘human beings in organization’, the phenomenon of organization can be analyzed by using various lenses based on a scientific background by which theorists use it as a lens. Basically, management sciences can be categorized into two schools of thought i.e. instrumental view of organization (prescriptive managements) and social action view of organization (descriptive managements). Instrumental views use ‘organization’ as a formal object for starting point of analysis, while social action views use ‘actor’s social action’ as a formal object for starting point of analysis. For the future development of management sciences, both qualitative and quantitative approaches can be used as complementary methods for better understanding of organization and management sciences.
Keyword :
philosophy of science, management theories, instrumental view, social action view.,
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