UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA



Detail Article

Folia Medica Indonesiana

ISSN 0303-7932

Vol. 41 / No. 1 / Published : 2005-01

Order : 10, and page :53 - 59

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Original Article :

Serum osmolal gap in healthy persons. comparison of eleven formulas for calculating osmolality

Author :

  1. SP Edijanto*1
  1. Department of Clinical Pathology, Airlangga University School of Medicine Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Surabaya

Abstract :

Serum osmolal gap, the difference between measured and calculated osmolality, has been determined on 64 healthy individuals (32 males and 32 females). The calculation of calculated osmolality as well as osmolal gap utilized eleven formulas taken from the literature. Measured osmolality was determined by osmometer. The results showed that the mean ± SD of measured osmolality of males and females were 283.50 ± 5.75 and 284.28 ± 3.66 respectively; however there was no significant difference between males and females. Calculated osmolality was determined by calculation using eleven formulas (formula A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J, and K) utilization data of serum sodium, potassium, glucose, and urea/urea N. The osmolal gap of healthy males and females was obtained as a difference between measured and calculated osmolality determined by each formula. All the osmolal gaps obtained showed significant difference between males and females except for the formula H. Using the formula H, however, ,it was shown that the difference between males and females and also the difference between measured and calculated osmolality (osmolal gap) were not significantly different. In the present study it was concluded that formula H (1.89Na + 1.38K + 0.03SUN + 1.08Glucose + 7.45) was the most accurate formula for calculating calculated osmolality. The reference (normal) value of osmolal gap was less than 13.4 mosmol/kg H2O (males and females). The author recommends using the formula H for calculating calculated osmolality as well as osmolal gap for clinical purposes.

Keyword :

osmolality, osmolarity, osmolal gap, osmometry,


References :

Agarwal R, Knochel JP,(1996) Fluid and Electrolyte Disorder Associated with Alcoholism and Liver Disease, In: Kokko P, Tannen RL (eds). Fluid and Electrolytes, 3rd ed - : WB Saunders Company

Bell GH, Smith DE, Paterson CR,(1976) The property of water. In: Textbook of Physiology and Biochemistry - : Churchill Livingstone





Archive Article

Cover Media Content

Volume : 41 / No. : 1 / Pub. : 2005-01
  1. Editorial Vol 41 No 1 2005
  2. Opinion: Research In The Development Of Medical Science And Technology
  3. The Association Of Mitochondrial Dna Mutation G3316a And T3394c With Diabetes Mellitus
  4. The Effects Of Unilateral Testicular Torsion Upon Immunity Modulation And Apoptosis Of Germinal Cells In The Contralateral Testis. An Experimental Study In Rats
  5. The Effect Of 5α Reductase Inhibitor And Estrogen In Prostate Proliferation. An Experimental Study In Rats
  6. Quality Of Refilled Drinking Water In Surabaya City
  7. Adequate Help For Patients With Cervical Cancer? The Referral System In Indonesia. A Descriptive Comparison Study In Four Provinces
  8. In Vitro Drug Sensitivity Of Trypanosoma Evansi Bangkalan Isolates
  9. Comparison Of Dead Victims Due To Burn Between Periods
  10. Serum Osmolal Gap In Healthy Persons. Comparison Of Eleven Formulas For Calculating Osmolality
  11. Traumatic Optic Neuropathy In The Division Of Neuro-ophthalmology, Department Of Ophthalmology, Dr Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Surabaya
  12. The Potential Role Of α-lipoic Acid In The Management Of Diabetes Mellitus. Possible Molecular Mechanism
  13. Review Article And Clinical Experience: Metabolic Syndrome Vs Insulin Resistance Syndrome (a Cluster Of Components And Strategies For Treatment)

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